I-1.I-Generation ye-ripple yamandla
Imithombo yethu yamandla eqhelekileyo ibandakanya imithombo yamandla emigca kunye nokutshintsha amandla ombane, imveliso yawo yombane yeDC ifunyanwa ngokulungisa, ukuhluza, kunye nokuzinzisa umbane we-AC.Ngenxa yokuhluzwa okulambathayo, imiqondiso ye-clutter equlethe amacandelo exesha kunye ne-random iya kuncanyathiselwa ngaphezu komgangatho we-DC, okukhokelela ekuqhumeni.Ngaphantsi kwamandla ombane wokuphuma okulinganiselweyo kunye nangoku, incopho yombane we-AC kwi-voltage ye-DC ephumayo idla ngokubizwa ngokuba yi-ripple voltage.I-Ripple sisignali ye-clutter entsonkothileyo eguquguqukayo ngamaxesha athile malunga nombane we-DC ophumayo, kodwa ixesha kunye ne-amplitude azikho ixabiso elisisigxina, kodwa utshintsho ekuhambeni kwexesha, kunye nokumila kwemithombo yamandla eyahlukeneyo kwahlukile.

2.Ingozi yeeRipples
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ama-ripples ayingozi ngaphandle kwenzuzo, kwaye iingozi eziphambili ze-ripples zilandelayo:
a.I-ripple eqhutywe ngumbane inokuvelisa i-harmonics kwisixhobo sombane, ukunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kombane;
b.Iripple ephezulu inokuvelisa amandla ombane okanye akhoyo, okukhokelela ekusebenzeni okungaqhelekanga kwesixhobo sombane okanye ukukhawulezisa ukuguga kwesixhobo;
c.Ii-Ripples kwiisekethe zedijithali zinokuphazamisana nobudlelwane bengqiqo yesiphaluka;
d.I-Ripples inokubangela ukuphazamiseka kwengxolo kunxibelelwano, ukulinganisa, kunye nezixhobo zokulinganisa, ukuphazamisa umlinganiselo oqhelekileyo kunye nokulinganisa kweempawu, kunye nezixhobo zokonakalisa.
Ke xa sisenza izixhobo zombane, sonke kufuneka sithathele ingqalelo ukunciphisa i-ripple ukuya kwiipesenti ezimbalwa okanye ngaphantsi.Kwizixhobo ezineemfuno eziphezulu ze-ripple, kufuneka sicinge ukunciphisa i-ripple kubukhulu obuncinci.