Xa i-current idlula kwi-wafer, i-electrons kwi-semiconductor yohlobo lwe-N kunye nemingxuma kwi-semiconductor yohlobo lwe-P ingqubuzana ngobundlobongela kwaye iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde iphinde ivelise i-photons, ekhupha amandla ngendlela yeefotoni (oko kukuthi. , ukukhanya okubonwa ngumntu wonke).I-semiconductors yezixhobo ezahlukeneyo ziya kuvelisa imibala eyahlukeneyo yokukhanya, njengokukhanya okubomvu, ukukhanya okuluhlaza, ukukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka njalo njalo.

Phakathi kweeleyile ezimbini ze-semiconductors, ii-electron kunye nemingxuma zingqubana kwaye ziphinde zidibanise kwaye zivelise iifotoni eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwi-light-emitting layer.Inxalenye yokukhanya okuluhlaza okwenziweyo iya kukhutshwa ngokuthe ngqo kwi-coating ye-fluorescent;inxalenye eseleyo iyakubetha i-fluorescent coating kwaye inxibelelane nayo ukuvelisa iifotoni ezityheli.Ifoton eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kunye nefoton ephuzi isebenza kunye (ixutywe) ukuvelisa ukukhanya okumhlophe.